In order to realize the rapid excavation of Arch Coal Roadway under the condition of deep buried and overlying goaf in Kailuan mining area, according to the specific working face geology and mining conditions of No. 9 coal mine in Donghuantuo Coal Mine, the maximum goaf distance of arch roadway, the stability of surrounding rock in goaf area and the influence law of different factors are studied by using the methods of theoretical analysis, numerical simulation, equipment improvement and construction technology optimization Research on supporting equipment and technology of rapid excavation. (1) Based on the thin shell theory, the mechanical model of the roof column shell in line with the arch section roadway is established. The calculation formula of the maximum empty roof distance of the arch roof is deduced by using the assumption of the moment free theory and the failure criterion of the maximum tensile stress. The influence law and weight of roadway width, tensile strength, buried depth and arch height on the maximum empty roof distance are analyzed, and it is determined that the theoretical maximum empty roof distance of Donghuantuo is 2.4m. (2) Through numerical simulation, it is found that when the empty roof distance is about 2m, the surrounding rock of the arched roadway has good stability and the roadway has no tensile failure. When the empty roof distance is greater than 4m, the two sides of the roadway have tensile failure and the stability is reduced. Therefore, the maximum empty roof distance calculated by numerical calculation is between 2 ~ 3m；The arch roof will not produce new damage with the increase of empty roof distance, which shows that the stability of arch roof is the best；Properly increasing the empty roof distance is conducive to the rapid achievement of support strength of U-shaped steel；The failure characteristics of the shallow surrounding rock of the roadway under the goaf are mainly determined by the vertical stress, while the failure characteristics of the deep surrounding rock are mainly determined by the horizontal stress. (3) Improve the combination device of self-made airborne station platform and airborne joist and the new long excavation and long support airborne temporary support device to solve the problems of low efficiency and poor safety of shed and temporary support in the 2.4m empty roof area. Cooperate with the optimized process flow for field application. The average monthly advance is more than 550 m, the peak is 846.4 m, 16 shifts are 14.1 m, and the forming quality of shed support roadway is good, It can meet the normal mining requirements of the working face, so as to realize rapid excavation.